Northern Sung Dynasty: Landscape Painting Influences Essay -- Art Hist

This was the norm, which went on until the Tang line (618-907). During the Five Dynasties (907-960), between the ninth and tenth hundreds of years, the pattern of utilizing ink to communicate thoughts gradually assumed control over the utilization of hues in the standard of Chinese scene compositions. As it were, the convention of utilizing hues and the utilization of ink each went on for one thousand years. However the accentuation on utilizing hues really kept going somewhat more. This is on the grounds that the convention of shading painting didn't end in any event, during the stature of monochrome ink painting. While hues structure the focal components in Tang works of art, starting in the Five Dynasties time frame, ink assumed a predominant job. During the Song tradition (960-1279), hues got significant for a brief period during the finish of the Northern Song (960-1127). Usami noticed that all canvases require structures. Throughout the entire existence of the Chinese hypothesis of painting, be that as it may, the chief center was a worry not with structure, yet with 'something past structure'. (Usami, 1998) Chinese masterminds for the most part thought about structure as far as a procedure of 'getting strong'. Be that as it may, in the aesthetic creation of 'tumultuous structures', Chinese artistic creation really came all the more near take after the procedures of creation and change in nature. In this way painters themselves offered a visual understanding of the imaginative demonstration that varied profoundly from that planned in the philosophical talk of ideas and words. Mi Fu a southern Song Literati painter nonetheless, deciphered the expression 'bamboo at the top of the priority list' as an announcement concerned exclusively with that, which existed in the psyche. The structure accomplished in the work of art consequently came to be comprehended not as gotten from this present reality, yet as starting from inside the painter. This freedom of structure from a ... ...ly Chinese Landscape Painting, (Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies) , Vol. 18, No. 3/4 (Dec., 1955), pp. 422-446, Harvard-Yenching Institute http://www.jstor.org/stable/2718439 Sullivan, Michael. â€Å"The Arts of China† Berkeley : University of California Press. 2008 fifth ed. Sullivan, Michael. â€Å"Chinese scene Painting† Berkeley: University of California Press,1980 Usami, Bunri, â€Å"A synopsis of The Problem of Form in Song Dynasty Theories of Painting (Faculty of ArtsShinshu University) Bulletin of the Sinological Society of Japan No.50, 1998 *Usami, Bunri â€Å"A synopsis of The Problem of Form in Song Dynasty Theories of Painting (Faculty of Arts, Shinshu University) Bulletin of the Sinological Society of Japan No.50, 1998 Northern Sung Dynasty: Landscape Painting Influences Essay - Art Hist This was the norm, which went on until the Tang administration (618-907). During the Five Dynasties (907-960), between the ninth and tenth hundreds of years, the pattern of utilizing ink to communicate thoughts gradually assumed control over the utilization of hues in the standard of Chinese scene canvases. As it were, the custom of utilizing hues and the utilization of ink each went on for one thousand years. However the accentuation on utilizing hues really endured somewhat more. This is on the grounds that the convention of shading painting didn't end in any event, during the stature of monochrome ink painting. While hues structure the focal components in Tang compositions, starting in the Five Dynasties time frame, ink assumed a prevailing job. During the Song line (960-1279), hues got significant for a brief period during the finish of the Northern Song (960-1127). Usami takes note of that all canvases require structures. Throughout the entire existence of the Chinese hypothesis of painting, in any case, the chief center was a worry not with structure, however with 'something past structure'. (Usami, 1998) Chinese scholars by and large thought about structure as far as a procedure of 'getting strong'. Yet, in the aesthetic creation of 'turbulent structures', Chinese artwork really came all the more near look like the procedures of creation and change in nature. In this manner painters themselves offered a visual translation of the inventive demonstration that contrasted fundamentally from that figured in the philosophical talk of ideas and words. Mi Fu a southern Song Literati painter notwithstanding, deciphered the expression 'bamboo as a primary concern' as an announcement concerned exclusively with that, which existed in the psyche. The structure accomplished in the artistic creation in this manner came to be comprehended not as gotten from this present reality, however as starting from inside the painter. This freedom of structure from a ... ...ly Chinese Landscape Painting, (Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies) , Vol. 18, No. 3/4 (Dec., 1955), pp. 422-446, Harvard-Yenching Institute http://www.jstor.org/stable/2718439 Sullivan, Michael. â€Å"The Arts of China† Berkeley : University of California Press. 2008 fifth ed. Sullivan, Michael. â€Å"Chinese scene Painting† Berkeley: University of California Press,1980 Usami, Bunri, â€Å"A outline of The Problem of Form in Song Dynasty Theories of Painting (Faculty of ArtsShinshu University) Bulletin of the Sinological Society of Japan No.50, 1998 *Usami, Bunri â€Å"A outline of The Problem of Form in Song Dynasty Theories of Painting (Faculty of Arts, Shinshu University) Bulletin of the Sinological Society of Japan No.50, 1998

Legal Age for Alcohol Consumption Essay Example for Free

Lawful Age for Alcohol Consumption Essay Various governments have age limits for lawful utilization of liquor. For example, in most western states people underneath 18 years old ought not expend alchohol. Different nations have an age breaking point of 15 years (Miller, 2010). Every one of these administrations have purposes behind setting this age necessities for liquor utilization. For instance, some contend that raising the legitimate age cutoff might not affect society, if individuals don't have the will and enthusiasm to stop flighty drinking. Others contend that raising the lawful age breaking point would permit people to drink when they are adult and capable (Kolander, 2011). This would diminish odds of unreliable drinking. I accept governments should raise the lawful age necessity for liquor utilization, as a push to decrease the negative effects of liquor to society. I bolster raising as far as possible for liquor utilization. In any case, I additionally accept this can't be a fruitful measure to manage the negative effects of liquor to society, without utilizing different roads. For example, governments should execute a program to teach the adolescent on the negative effects of liquor. As per reports from various police offices, most youth expend liquor when they have not met as far as possible. This suggests raising as far as possible must be viable if guardians impart ethics in their small kids (Miller, 2010). Subsequently, the strict gatherings and the family have a huge task to carry out in managing early utilization of liquor. Also, raising as far as possible for utilization of liquor will lessen the damage of liquor on the strength of buyers. People experience the ill effects of interminable impacts because of liquor utilization when they approach it at early ages. For example, the peril that a person who began devouring liquor at 18 years old, is more extreme than that of a person who began drinkin g at 25. Wellbeing specialists have asserted that early presentation to liquor utilization effectsly affects key inward body organs, contrasted with people who begin devouring liquor at late ages. Likewise, raising the lawful age for liquor utilization decreases odds of habit, because of less presentation (Billings, 2010). Early introduction to liquor utilization has likewise prompted a decayed culture in the public eye. Families have separated because of reckless drinking by kids, who wind up enjoying other crimes, for example, thievery, to fund their alcoholic conduct. At the current lawful prerequisite of 18 years, most youth might not have the funds to back their utilization of liquor. This causes them to rely upon their folks by misleading them, to get cash. If the guardians can't fulfill the budgetary needs of the youngsters, the kids search for different choices to money related soundness. Some go to the degree of stage overseeing abducts to get cash from guardians. This has dissolved the positive estimations of society, particularly the young, who are the biggest gathering of the world’s populace (Kolander, 2011). Taking everything into account, the above delineations demonstrate that early introduction to liquor utilization has more negative impacts than positives. For instance, people have a high likelihood of obtaining wellbeing intricacies, for example, lung and kidney diseases. Furthermore, early access to liquor utilization additionally disintegrates the profound quality of society. What's more, early liquor utilization may likewise influence the scholastic existence of youthful grown-ups, who end up as addicts to liquor. These youthful grown-ups likewise face the danger of joining unlawful packs in the public eye. In this manner, it is sensible to propose that administrations ought to consider overhauling the legitimate age limit upwards. Nonetheless, different establishments in the public eye should likewise help in lightening the negative effects of liquor to society. Strict gatherings and the family ought to give exhortation to youthful grown-ups on the perils of early liquor utilization. References Billings, S. (2010, October 24). Should the Legal Drinking Age Be Raised to 25 to Eliminate Deadly College Partying? Recovered July 19, 2012, from christwire.org: http://christwire.org/2010/10/should-the-legitimate drinking-age-be-raised-to-25-to-dispose of lethal school celebrating/Kolander, R. W. (2011). Medication Abuse Prevention. New York: Jones Bartlett Learning. Mill operator, W. R. (2010). Reconsidering Substance Abuse: What the Science Shows, and What We Should Do

The Best Ways to Deal With New Job Stress

The Best Ways to Deal With New Job Stress Stress Management Job Stress Print How to Deal With the Stress of a New Job By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on November 12, 2019 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD on November 12, 2019 FS Productions / Getty Images More in Stress Management Job Stress Workplace Bullying Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress If youve just started a new job, whether its for the first time or the tenth time, youre probably feeling a little (or a lot of!) stress. There are many new tasks to learn and your bosss or co-workers expectations may be high. New jobs present many changes and challenges, and its natural to feel stress over this. There are several things you can do to both relieve stress and combat its effects.?? Tips for Dealing With New Job Stress Here are some effective things you can do to deal with stress at a new job or in any other situation that requires change and adjustment. Find Support If you can, get support from co-workers, from friends or family, or even an online support group. Talking about whats stressing you out and finding resources should help a lot.?? Dont Be Afraid to Ask for Help You may feel like it shows weakness to ask your co-worker or boss questions, but asking for help  lets them know youre working hard to understand how things flow rather than trying to do something you arent sure of on your own (and potentially messing it up). A side benefit of asking questions is that you can start building a rapport with your boss and/or co-workers. Accept That Theres a Learning Curve Every job is tougher at the beginning as you figure out whats expected of you and how to best perform your tasks. Like everything in life that we do repeatedly, it will get easier and before you know it, youll have found a routine and rhythm and youll feel confident in your job and your ability to do it. Keep this in mind when you start to feel stressed or overwhelmed. Use Quick Stress Relievers Have some quick stress relievers that you can use when youre feeling overwhelmed.?? Breathing exercises, for example, can help slow or reverse the fight-or-flight response you experience when stressed, which saves the wear and tear on your health that chronic stress can cause. Taking a walk can also help calm you down, or  you can keep a stress ball or a fidget spinner at your desk to channel any extra energy and nervousness you might have. Have a Regular Hobby That Helps Relieve Stress Try to maintain some time in your life to do some stress-relieving  activities, so that you feel less stress overall. Ideas include regular exercise, yoga, and engaging in a hobby or another activity that you enjoy, such as drawing, painting, writing, woodcarving, playing an instrument, talking to a friend, listening to music, meditation, gardening, bowling, or fishing. The options are endless! Take Care of Yourself If youre able to eat right, get enough sleep, and take daily vitamins, youll be less worn down physically so youll be less reactive to stress, and youll be in better overall health too.?? Taking care of yourself also boosts your cognitive abilities so you can concentrate and focus better at work.

Pros And Cons Of Vaccination - 1665 Words

Vaccinations, Worth A Shot! Mandated Vaccinations are a huge argument right now because of health and disease issues. There are people on both sides of this argument. Some people are against vaccinating their children because they feel they are being forced to have their child get vaccinated. While some people feel the need that vaccinations are important to protect themselves from any illness or diseases. Vaccinations should be mandatory for all schools and health care purposes. For one, people who are vaccinated can protect the other people who cannot be vaccinated for certain reasons or problems. â€Å"Annual influenza vaccination for healthcare workers has the potential to benefit healthcare professionals, their patients, and their families†¦show more content†¦Influenza is an important cause of mortality and morbidity. Mortality deals with the fact of death, but morbidity deals with the condition of being diseased. Most importantly, there are only very few risks associated with the vaccine. The most frequent side effects reported as mild pain or swelling in the injection site. Moreover, healthcare association influenza occurs in both acute and long term health care facilities. This affects both patients and staff and affects the delivery of care and is especially important in wards and institutions caring for young children or elderly people. It was also shown that is cost effective to have health care workers vaccinated. This was shown by an economic evaluation. Public health authorities have strongly recommended that health care workers in the health care environment receive influenza vaccines. This protects both patients and workers in healthcare settings. Despite the health authority’s recommendations for vaccines, the rates for immunizations world-wide are disappointingly low. These rates show that health care workers are at an increased risk for health associated influenza. This poses a serious health threat during influenza outbreaks. The rates of immunization can be increased by offering free immunizations, and providing on site vaccine s for staff. The Infectious Disease Society of America suggests that voluntary immunizations are not effective and therefore mandatory programs are needed. SomeShow MoreRelatedVaccination Pros And Cons878 Words   |  4 Pagesmakes vaccination controversial; is it the risk of the drug’s side effect? The ingredients used to create the drug? Do the Pros outweigh the Cons? How effective are vaccines? The debate about giving the vaccine to children are the group that is anti-vaccination â€Å"say that children’s immune systems can deal with most infections naturally and that injecting questionable vaccine ingredients into a child may cause side effects, including seizures, paralysis, and death.† The group for vaccination arguesRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccinations1285 Words   |  6 Pages Vaccinations are a heavily debated topic in society today. Vaccinations have long been defined as a successful health measure, but the safety of vaccines raise concerns among many parents. According to Glanz et al., â€Å"The issue of vaccine hesitancy can be examined from several different angles, many of which point to the delicate balance between personal liberty and public health† (2). Personal rights and public health concerns, collide on this subject. Many parents want to decide if their childrenRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination750 Words   |  3 PagesBenefits and Dangers of Vaccinations There are many types of vaccinations used for many types of illnesses. They can vary from some small illness to a deadly illness that is very contagious. Some vaccinations are used for DPT (Diptheria, Pertussis, Tetanus), Diptheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Poliomyelitis and MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella). There are many pros of vaccinations. One of them is most healthcare professionals believe ion their effectiveness. It is believed that vaccinations are the cause of aRead MorePros and Cons to Vaccination in Children1750 Words   |  7 PagesSeptember 1st 2014 Pros and Cons to Vaccinations in Children Almost everyone has heard of the benefits and dangers of childhood vaccines. Parents are especially eager to do what is best for their child to protect him or her. Some people have different opinions on what the best specifically entails when it comes to childhood vaccines. Vaccinations are a controversial discussion as parents question whether it should be mandatory or optional when they feel the cons outweigh the pros. The government saysRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Vaccination1037 Words   |  5 Pageswith autism or a deceased child because you refused to vaccinate? Chances are, you would prefer to have a child with autism. There are parents who have read articles falsely linking vaccines to autism causing them to make the decision to deny vaccinations. Their refusal not only puts their child at risk, but other children surrounding them. Their denial erases the long-standing history of saving lives and the eradication of deadly diseases around the world. This also undermines the research andRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Vaccination1011 Words   |  5 PagesVaccinations have gone through opposition and critics, but for the most part legislation has been slow, but treated vaccination fairly. To this day vaccination still faces many of the challenges that it faced in the early nineteenth century. The reasons have gone from personal freedom issues and just the overall effectiveness of mass immunization. The courts in the nineteenth century typically supported the enactment of mandatory vaccination programs. Most importantly for the future of mandatoryRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination1241 Words   |  5 Pagescausing adverse effects and conditions. A world without vaccines would be full of illness and diseases. Thanks to vaccines a lot of diseases are almost gone from the U.S. today. According to CDC, in 1979, Japan decided to reduce their pertussis vaccinations and as a result they suffered a major epidemic resulting in 13,000 cases of whooping cough and 41 deaths. In 1981 they began vaccinating again and the number of pertussis cases dropped. This research reveals the importance of vaccines and how theyRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Vaccinations1465 Words   |  6 Pagesgeneral public healthy. Vaccinations have always been a topic of contention in regards to younger children, but have been a staple of health for older adults. In fact, college requirements for vaccinations are mandatory, and failure to get the proper vaccines before college starts could result in holds on college students’ accounts or delays in registering for classes. For some students the vaccines are simple to procure, but for others the concept of required vaccinations serve as a real barrierRead MoreDiscussing the Pros and Cons of Vaccinations673 Words   |  3 PagesDiscussing the Pros And Cons Of Vacciniations Thesis: Vaccinations have many benefits including the prevention of certain diseases but they also can cause issues and be very riskful in using them to treat or prevent a disease. Some of these issues include the ethic dilemma behind the subject. Introduction: Vaccines are among the most affordable and successful public health tools for preventing disease, disability, and sometimes death. Not only do they protect a vaccinated individual from developingRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination1843 Words   |  8 PagesVaccinations first surfaced during the turn of the 19th century. It is currently a law that all school aged children receive a specific list of vaccinations in order to attend a school system of any kind. While the requirements in America are general consistent from state to state, they do vary slightly across one another. Although it is required, there is a list of exemptions that would allow parents to send their children to school without receiving the required immunizations. An example of the

Employment Law Essay - 1220 Words

Arizona Employment Laws Clapton Commercial Construction is planning on expanding their current business to a new state. They currently do business in Michigan and are planning on expanding to Arizona. There are ten employment laws in Arizona that Clapton Commercial Construction should be made aware of in order to get their HR department up to speed before expanding to the state of Arizona. These are laws regarding required postings, minimum wage, overtime, meals and breaks, vacation leave, sick leave, holiday leave, voting leave, severance pay, and record keeping. These laws will be provided along with possible penalties for non-compliance and recommendations on how to approach these laws as they apply to Clapton Commercial Construction.†¦show more content†¦If this is not met federal penalties can be assessed by regulators. It is our recommendation that all non – exempt employees be paid one and a half times their pay when they work over 40 hours in a one week time period (Lunt Group Legal LLC., n.d.). Meals and breaks are regulated by federal laws and Arizona does not have any specific state laws that apply here. Federal laws does not require an employer to provide meals or breaks to their employees. If an employer gives breaks to their employees breaks are usually less than 20 min in length and paid while meals are 30 min or more and unpaid. Since there is no specific law in providing meals and breaks there are no penalties to be assessed and it is our recommendation that you provide your employees with two 15 min paid breaks and at least a 30 min unpaid lunch each eight hour work day (Lunt Group Legal LLC., n.d.). The state of Arizona does not require its employers to provide any paid or unpaid vacation leave. If the employer decides to provide vacation leave it must be clearly documented in an employment contract or policy handbook as to how vacation time is accrued, used and lost. The employer must follow this document or legal action can be taken against the employer by the employee. It is our recommendation to use your current vacation leave program established in your Michigan officeShow MoreRelatedEmployment Law3466 Words   |  14 Pagesï » ¿ EMPLOYMENT LAW Introduction The aim of this Assessment is to demonstrate an understanding of employment regulation and how it is enforced. Other areas covered include; how to manage recruitment, manage issues relating to pay and working time lawfully and how to ensure that staff are treated lawfully when they at work. Finally it will cover managing performance and disciplinary matters lawfully. Activity 1 The purpose of Employment Law is to provide legal protection to employees and employersRead MoreEmployment Law831 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the USA employment regulation after a merge has occurred globally. This position paper is going to brief the audience globally on the USA employment laws and regulations but not limited to Sexual harassment, Wage and Salary Legislation, Recruitment, Interviewing, Affirmative Action, Equal Employment and the ADA. This paper will go over the history of a few of the important acts that have been passed over the years to protect employees in theRead MoreAt Will Employment Law1374 Words   |  6 PagesAt Will law was situated into place to safeguard both the employee and the employer. By creating the employment at will law; both the employer and employee are able to cancel the contract at any time without consequence. â€Å"Employment at-will means that employers are able to terminate ones employment at any time, for any cause - with or without notice†, Rogers, S. 2012. By the late 1800’s the doctrine â€Å"At Will Employment† was established in the United States. The principle was valued at firstRead MoreThe Employment Laws1657 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this research is to prove that the employment at will doctrine does not protect the employee population in the United States. The fact that if you look at the way the doctrine is written it protects the employers and firms, and this as a result creates discrimination. This in itself creates an unsafe and sometime unstable work environment because of the potential for high turnover, costly training, and low morale amongst employees. There are certain factors that mustRead MoreEmployment Law703 Words   |  3 PagesIn every country there are many federal, state and local laws that influence workplaces, and it is important for employers to follow these laws in order to understanding their responsibilities, and create a harmonious workplace. These laws guarantee rights in the workplace such as hours of work and overtime pay, minimum wage, pay, safe workplace, vacation time and vacation pay, public holidays, coffee and meal breaks, pregnancy leave and parental leave, personal emergency leave, family medical leaveRead MoreEmployment Law3285 Words   |  14 Pages------------------------------------------------- Employment Law Assignment 1 June 22, 2016 June 22, 2016 Employment Law: Assignment 1: Question 1: (A)(i) Maternity Leave Employee’s that become pregnant, are entitled to take maternity leave. This entitlement, extends to all female employees, regardless of how long they’ve worked in the organisation, or number of hours worked each week. It is possible to avail of further unpaid maternity leave. The Maternity ProtectionRead MoreEssay on Employment Law1370 Words   |  6 PagesEmployment Law The purpose of this paper is to analyze a specific, hypothetical employment situation encountered and to include the information regarding employment conflicts, questions, grievances, lawsuits, etc., in terms of how the situation was handled or resolved.  Ã‚  Employment conflicts are a constant issue everyday in any organization; it is how you handle them both legally and professionally that counts. Employment Law Situation In this situationRead More Employment Law Essay1760 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction In many countries the state’s role in employment relations is not something that can be ignored. The state, which is characterized by a set of institutions made of the executive, legislature, the judiciary, the local government and the police, is a system of political domination that exercises power with the legitimate usage of violence, money supply and taxation. The presence of the state in any aspect of life of its citizens is pervasive, whether it is through macroeconomic policiesRead MoreThe Employment Laws Of The Workplace974 Words   |  4 PagesWith the modern complexity of employment laws, the necessity for recording a conversation or meeting in the workplace often presents itself. With today s technology, the opportunity presents itself more easily than ever before. However, because employees rights of privacy are severely limited in the workplace, what, if anything, may an employee legally record in the workplace? Any lawful permitted use of electronic recording devices by employees in the workplace will likely be for protected concertedRead MoreEmployment Law5000 Words   |  20 PagesQ1 – Understand the purpose of employment regulation and the way it is enforced in practice. Explain the purpose of employment law and how it is enforced. Describe the role played by the tribunal and courts system in enforcing employment law. Include how cases are settled before and during formal legal proceedings. (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) 1.1 – Explain the aims and objectives of employment regulation Employment law dates back to the 14th century, with the first labour legislation, the Ordinance of labourers

The Importance Of Happiness And Happiness - 1221 Words

How important is money to your happiness? What are you willing to do - or give up - in order to acquire a lot of it? Write an essay that explores the connection between your financial wellbeing and your overall satisfaction with life. (Reading - â€Å"The Happiness Project† by Shaun Pett p. 230) He comes empty-handed and leaves the world empty-handed Since no one is destined to live forever then why he ruins his life running behind the money ABSTRACT This article shows the relationship between money happiness, financial well-being full satisfaction of life. How money can make the difference of happiness in your life. Some people believe money can buy you anything that can†¦show more content†¦The happiness from materialistic things can make anyone happy for few days or few years. But the human desires have no limitation. Unless a person is self-satisfied with what he has and grateful for his life, he can never be happy. Its true money fulfills our basic need to buy food, clothes, and shelters and if we dont have enough money for our basic needs, our well-being suffers.But once your income reached to certain level and our basic needs are met, the positive effect of money often offset by negative effect Tom Rath suggests in his book, Wellbeing, â€Å"money can increase our short-term happiness by giving us more control over how we spend our time.† But the fact is that most of us don’t use the money on right things. Instead, we spend it on more expensive possessions. Richard M. Ryan, Ph.D., a professor of psychology and psychiatry at the University of Rochester in New York, believes that money is not the way to pursue happiness because the link between the tangible (money) and intangible (happiness) is too weak. â€Å"Focus on maintaining and improving the relationships in your life instead,† he says. â€Å"Research shows that if they are unfulfilled, you see big drops in happiness.† (Liu, Lynda, 2003, p138). I have been recently reading about Bill Gates and Warren Buffett. Although Bill Gates and Warren Buffet, bothShow MoreRelated: The Importance Of Happiness And Happiness864 Words   |  4 PagesHappiness is a bliss and it is something that we should cherish. It is easier said than done, but being happy can result in a lot of positive outcomes in your life. Being lighthearted does not necessarily mean that something good has to happen to you, it can happen in your community and around the world. Within the individual, we can achieve happiness by being content with what we have. The community can make you feel gleeful by whom you are surrounded with, and what influences are around in thatRead MoreThe Importance Of Happiness864 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Happiness is a major key to a person’s overall well-being and self-confidence in their everyday life. In order to maintain happiness, most people have daily routines and or hobbies that they do on a regular basis that brings them joy and happiness. Without happiness the important activities that people take part in could be missing its full potential due to lack of happiness and self-esteem. The following 10 activities can create daily joy and happiness and suspend daily hardships: basketballRead MoreThe Importance Of Happiness713 Words   |  3 PagesHappiness is a choice, and its only our choice. No matter what the circumstances are in our lives, we get to choose what emotion we want to react with. People show different ranges of emotions which can be caused by other people, but ultimately we choose our emotions with our mind and hearts. It doesnt matter what has happened in your life today, you can still choose to be happy. By choosing to be unhappy you put yourself in a s orrowful and melancholia mindset, which isnt good for your mentalRead MoreThe Importance Of Happiness In Literature767 Words   |  4 Pageswhich is happiness. Through literature that authors provide insight, comfort, and oftentimes advice to help us cope with our humanity. In literature, it illustrates all the human conditions that we humans face. We are so fond of some literature because we can relate to the human condition even though we may not know it sometimes. Through a few literatures I am going to link the human condition, â€Å"Happiness†, and connect it to our society to see where that relativeness comes in. Happiness is usuallyRead MoreThe Importance Of Philosophy And Happiness By Epicurus991 Words   |  4 Pages Letter to Menoeceus by Epicurus In this piece of writing Letter to Menoeceus, Epicurus highly emphasized on the importance of philosophy and happiness. To begin with, he encouraged people of all ages, whether young or old, to study philosophy in order to develop better understanding of what desires to fulfill. By philosophy, Epicurus meant a state of mind, based on a realistic worldview that, if its implications were understood, would free people’s minds from superstitious fear and moral anxietyRead MoreImportance Of Happiness In My Life913 Words   |  4 PagesWhen I excel through any situation, it brings me great joy. I often see my happiness coming from competitive situations in my academic and sporting events. With my happiness coming from my two most competitive activities; I know that if I put all that I can into a situation, I can leave knowing I did the best I could. When I am able to leave a competitive situation knowing that I did the best I could, the feeling of happiness comes upon me. Whether it would be in volleyball, basketball, or academicsRead MoreThe Importance Of Happiness In My Life1157 Words   |  5 Pagesthat I would be ok. My life had changed so much since I had arrived, four months previously. I had come to an understanding that I had wasted so much time not appreciating the person I was, and focusing on all the things I wasn’t, and looking for happiness by trying to please and be like others thought I should be. I didn’t love myself, and I wasn’t happy. But here, in St. Augustine, Florida, the oldest city in our nation, I had a rebirth, of sorts. I learned that I was enough, as long as I wasRead MoreImportance Of Happiness In My Life1012 Words   |  5 Pages When people ask me what is happiness to me I respond with, â€Å"Happiness is when you are joyful and accepting of your circumstances as well as when someone is glad that they are the way that they are.† People then ask me, â€Å"What is happiness for you?† â€Å"Happiness for me is when my family is doing well and that they dont have to bend over backwards to make sure that they get their bills paid on time. And when they dont it lets me feel as though things are going well and it lets me relax a little moreRead MoreThe Importance Of Virtue Is Necessary For Happiness927 Words   |  4 Pagesor her lifetime is to be happy and achieve happiness. But in the world today, this goal is a little harder to achieve at times. More so today than before, the world is a very corrupt place full of evil people, places, and things. Reality is a lot harsher than some people believe until they truly experience it themselves. Although human evil can affect our view of human nature, I don’t believe it should affect our ability to achieve happiness. Happiness is a state of being, it is an activity ofRead MoreThe Importance Of Happiness For Us Humans1926 Words   |  8 Pagesbreak. My goal for this paper is to provide you with evidence that happiness for us humans is a must. Humans wake up every day, some really happy, some really sad. The ones that wake up happy are probably looking forward for something that would make them happy, but even if you wake up sad, you will strive to look for something, even the tiniest bit of happiness you can find so being happy is always on everybody’s to-do list. Happiness isn’t a little thing at all, it’s just a powerful thing that last

Leadership for Woolworths Food Group - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theLeadership for Woolworths Food Group. Answer: Introduction The current report is framed to assess the leadership approach adopted by key leaders in a work-related environment. The first section draws light on the background and construction of John Durkan, Brad Banducci and John Dixon as empowering leaders of Coles, Woolworths and David Jones respectively. Furthermore, in later parts of the report their approach to leadership and success trails are discussed in deep. Constructed as Leaders CEO of Coles Supermarket, John Durkan Being a veteran of cutthroat British Grocery market, John had joined Coles as a Merchandise Director in 2008 July and then he was subsequently appointed as the COO (Chief Operating Officer) in June 2013. From 2005 to 2008 John had been playing the leading roles of COO and Trading Director at The Carphone Warehouse PLC, one of the UKs largest independent mobile phone retailer. He had been positioned as the Managing Director of Coles in the year 2014. John had considerably enhanced customer wealth; product qualities and delivering expertise knowledge to Coles by working with Safeway Stores PLC in the UK for 17 years, a large-scale food retailer which operates all the convenience, supermarket and fuel outlets. The experience span of John is surpassing in areas like marketing, product development, leading high-performance teams, commercials etc. Leadership, as well as the culture, can drive, make or break a brand and a team (Coles, Wang Zhu 2015). Leadership at Retail needs to be done in the right manner to make a successful force and leaders are able to create the culture, which drives excellence and dire commitment to deliver spectacular results. John Durkan holds specialised skills to bring the competitive edge signalling towards the growing prospects of fresh price wars in the supermarket aisles. He has been strong about its aim to build Coles into a leading retailer at Wesfarmers. CEO of Woolworths Limited, Bradford Banducci Brad was positioned in Woolworths Food Group as the Managing Director in March 2015 and consecutively in February 2016, he became the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of the Group. Before acquiring the position he held the seat of Director of Groups Liquor business between 2012 and March 2015. Brad had become a part of the group in 2011 after acquiring Cellarmasters Group, which was a direct wine retail and production company. He duly holds the position as the Chief Executive Officer of Cellarmasters from the year 2007 to 2011. Also, before this at Tyro Payments he had been the Chief Financial Officer as well as the Director plus the Non-executive Director. Later on, he was the Vice president as well as the Director with The Boston Consultancy Group, where he had been the core member of its retail practice for approx. 15 years. He had worked out to win over the confidence of investors again. It is working onto getting the top line sales and breaking the perceptions aroun d the prices by yielding maximum market share for the business. The remarkable retail leaders are required to demand excellence through their own performances and by people who surround them. As an overarching strategy of Woolworth to remain Australias largest supermarket chain has led to the long battle, which needs to bring Woolworths to its glorifying days of dominant supermarket sectors (Bettis et al, 2016). With the increasingly fierce competitors, there has been a series of Public relations blunders and a plan to bring ad-hoc strategy. With Banducci appointed as CEO, it is important that it meets the target and become exclusively competitive again. CEO of David Jones, John Dixon John Dixon who is a 30-year-old British retail veteran was attracted to Australia for revitalising David Jones. He has been positioned as Chief Executive Officer of David Jones at Woolworths Holding Limited since 2016 January. He has also been an Executive director of General Merchandise at Marks and Spencer Group plc from 1st October 2012 to July 2015. Meanwhile, in 2004 Mr Dixon filled in as an Executive Assistant to the Chief Executive of Stuart Rose. Since 2002, he was serving in as the Executive where he supervised one of the three Food exchanging divisions involving the Fresh food classifications (Kim Buchanan, 2011). Mr Dixon joined UK Head Office in 1992 as a Food purchaser in the field of Prepared Foods, trailed by Bakery and Fresh Produce, before advancing to Category Manager of Fresh Produce. Mr Dixon filled in as an Executive Director at Marks and Spencer Group plc from 9th September 2009 to 16th July 2015. Best retail leaders are intuitive yet acknowledge deliberate understanding of the highly worthy and productive team more than just a mere group of individuals (Liu, Mauer, 2011). It is focused on the development of diversified colleagues and adequate range as well as complementing skills that rely on one another to get the job done. Also, they emphasize on creating a moment of delight for our customers. Remarkable leaders continually mark their presence by connecting the dots being aware of internal as well as external challenge and thus inspire and energize with innovative ideas. Mr Dixon is perceived to play a key role in the development of David Jones with novel ideas of food strategy that comprises of revitalising food halls, different wine bars and coffee shops and subsequently a chain of stand-alone food stores. It looks onto launching of new stand-alone stores that offer astonishing experiences to their customers. Leaders Conceptualise leadership Leadership is a process wherein a person influences others to achieve an objective and also direct organization in a manner that it becomes more coherent and cohesive. John Durkan approach to leadership It is the people at Coles that drive its competitive edge and put forth a clear preference onto promoting strong commercial capability through its leadership base. It is strongly advocated by leading analysts that Australian customers and competition have been ripping off. The company being at its peak does not wish to have a downward spiral (Amba, 2013). The company vows to cut down its cost, to further reduce the prices of products in the supermarket, underpinning a profitable growth as well as cutting down competition for next five years. John Durkan has been holding a significant position in the Leadership team of Coles. He has outlined some of the major ambitious plans to transform Coles into Australias leading food and liquor chains. He has been committed to serving a customer-led business and moving continuously towards serving better value, service and quality products to their customer throughout Australia. He has continuously preached about the value of Coles Customers and the need to reduce prices even further to expand their brand range. This aims to build a trusted value position of Coles by lowering the cost and continually investing more in improvements to serve fresh food quality, adequate customer services and in-store availability (Krause Semadeni Cannella, 2014). John Durkan seeks to continue the progress trail of Coles through its transformational programs focusing on simplifying the ranges, supply chains, as well as the store operations. He has also focused on enhancing sales momentum by an enhanced customer offer. Also, the business key attention is on building network growth. Thus, Johns aim is upon serving leading shop offers and instigating competitive drive to deal with the perspective changes. He aspires to make a move to considerably turn Coles into worlds leading chain for this he has shown uncompromising stances with headstrong suppliers and his relentless focus on cost. During McLeods tenure, the actions and experiences of John Durkan showcase remarkable performance like underpinning profitable growth and enhanced returns at Wesfarmers by a rise in 30% of sales. Not only in Coles but Mr Durkan, who has worked for UK retailers Safeway and Carphone Warehouse, has highlighted a new growth phase therein by cutting down prices, enhancing Coles fresh food offerings, boosting their store services and adding financial aid to products such as life insurance. As per the leadership traits of John Durkan, it can be seen that he exhibits every character of a team leader grid that is strongly dedicated to not just assigning, but fulfilling tasks and building high relationships as well. John Durkan has set in positive examples and endeavours to encourage a team-oriented environment wherein each member can present its highest potential (Evans, Nagarajan Schloetzer, 2010). He also acts as an individual team member and gathers cooperation as well as collaboration wherein he can reach the goals more aesthetically. Mr Durkan works tirelessly to reach his goals as effectively and as far as possible, which in return strengthens the bonds with their members. This has lead to some of the most productive teams under his leadership. To meet the current parlance of change, which requires beating the price war competition Mr Durkan follows situational leadership theory as developed by Hyslop (2012), which requires the appropriate mix of supervision and ar ousal required for coach workers in a specified situation. In order to cut down prices, the goal of Mr Durkan is to hit the sweet spot i.e., to serve the correct amount of supervision as per employees knowledge and skill level. The next aim is to arouse i.e., supportive nature which requires the task holders to arouse their inner drive to motivate them towards the change. Mr Durkan by setting up practical examples and sheer goals has resulted in arousing employees stimuli towards the cognitive tasks. Furthermore as advocated by Feigin (2016), Mr Durkan can meet its current phase of goals to enhance customer base and cut down the price considerably by adequate direction, coaching, by increased support and delegation of authorities as required. Brad Banducci approach to leadership Woolworths being highly competitive has been looking to survive against all the odds in the market. Being the chief executive of Woolworths, Brad Banducci leadership skills and advises have helped Woolworths to overturn its fortunes. Since Mr Banducci has taken charge at the Woolworths, the changes are already evident, as sales and earnings have started to improve (Keith, 2012). From past 4 consecutive years, the sales of Woolworths took a major hit and since then they havent improved much. This is what made Mr Banducci change the focus of Woolworths from just concentrating on profits to improving customer service and satisfaction. His leadership skills are inspirational and motivation oriented, as he believes that satisfying customers, encouraging teamwork and innovation and admitting mistakes rather than denying them are some of the most important aspects that need to be improved. As proclaimed by Harms Cred, (2010), leadership is an act of inspiring others to pursue ones own vision within the pre-determined set parameters, through shared efforts, shared vision and shared success. He has conducted store induction programs to gain the utmost support of its new centre staff. His belief is that with great customer satisfaction comes money and profitability, if the customers are not happy then no matter how good your products are people will eventually stop buying them from your store. Just like a transformational leader, Mr Banducci plan all its new head office and support centre staff members work in a store for their first week in order to understand and get familiar with what goes around in a store (Skinner Pocock, 2011). The staffs are trained at Woolworths to meet the customer expectations. This was followed by installation of more cash registers and self-checkouts at the front end of all the stores, as this will help to serve customers faster and the queues will be less crowded. Another step Mr Banducci has taken in order to focus on putting customers first is that more staff have been employed in stores for weekends so that shelves are restocked much quicker, as well as to replenish vegetables and fruits throughout the day. Also, there is a mobile application for store teams to notify them when the sub-standard fresh product arrives in the stores. What makes Mr Banduccis leadership skills unique is how he has invested close to 150 million US Dollars in grocery prices and services in addition to cutting down of prices on products such as bananas, sausages and mince to regain the market share that has been lost to companies like Coles and Aldi. In order to assess how satisfied a customer is after visiting a Woolworths store, Brad Banducci introduced shopper scorecard last year, which measures how satisfied customers are with services such as prices, trolleys, check out queues and quality of fruit and vegetables. This step has been major in helping Woolworth realise how significantly their service and products have improved over the last year or so and the results have been astonishing. Moreover, Mr Banducci has revealed that he would like to change the business model of Woolworths by selling assets in order to strengthen the food and liquor sales. All the crucial changes made by Mr Banducci combined has helped Woolworths to improve their sales, service and customer satisfaction, which in turn has also help Woolworths to improve their strategy. Lastly, we all know that not everything comes with ease and so has been the case with Mr Banduccis leadership strategy. The investors arent yet convinced and believe that the earnings will fall further, as share prices are still lower than compared to when they appointed Mr Banducci as the CEO of the company. Mr Banducci has assured them that progress is slower than what he expected, but he is confident that the sales and profits will gradually improve, as they have done since the last month (Arli, et al, 2013). His goal as a CEO has been to regain the spirit of innovation and continue to improve the focus on customers and he believes that he has been successful in doing so, thus the results will start to show in near future. John Dixon approach to leadership David Jones is a leading departmental store spread across Australia with a distinctive brand positioning. David Jones with the growing competition and advancement in technology faces key challenges towards enhanced development (Croft Rose, 2012). The aim of the company is to meet these challenges by transforming the company, growing its store networks and strengthening their core business. In a crux, in order to survive it needs to bring and foster the change. One of its key focuses has been to make online presence globally as an opportunity in order to constantly attract customers in the utmost experiential environment. As a part of the change management, David Jones in the senior most capacity had to build up a team for expanding companies digital strategy to upkeep the company positioning and status. In an interview, Dixon had proclaimed that David Jones would undergo a significant transformation, which would impede the need to establish a forward-looking leadership team. He furthermore, stated that the combination of new skills and experiences of key people, reflecting the prime areas of strategic focus would extend the companies capabilities during the enthusing phase of business development (Riaz Haider, 2010). Mr Dixon is perceived to also play a crucial role in the development of David Jones new gourmet food strategies that encompasses matters of the revitalization of food halls, new wine bars as well as coffee shops. They are keen onto innovating not just their products but also their in-store experiences to provide their customers with an outraging experience (Zhu et al, 2011). For this, it has specially created theatre, used colours, fresheners to inspire and excite customer to make it all the more a pleasurable experience. Dixon has very well proclaimed to its thoughts of moving away from its stores from stale old fashioned to a more enthusiastic experience. He believes that customers are more of rejecting old-fashioned shop mundane, as there are growing choices in the market for them. The company has exclusively undertaken a $100 million upgrade of the food business for rolling out its stores providing a fresh experience to customers. It can be seemingly observed that John Dixon follows innovative leadership skills that is visionary and inspires other to think out of the box and seeks to create an environment where the creative ideas can be tested as well as evaluated (Spahr, P., 2015). It exhibits characteristics of a transactional leadership type wherein it reacts to change spontaneously to upkeep its level of performance. David Jones under the supervision of Mr Dixon is looking forward to the launching of new Food Halls and further smaller stores at the Central shopping centre and Bourke Street, Melbourne. He is also responsible for his technical role, along with all the research in addition to development, which will directly or indirectly impact the organization in a novel manner (Hor, 2012). This also emphasises onto encouraging an environment, which permits the employees to creatively solve the challenges and meet the change effectively (Feigin, 2016). This style of leadership often works in collaboration a nd Mr Dixon is seen eager to combine with its department store to capitalize its thoughts into being. He is also intuitive about entering a new field like that of taking advantage of strong growth in the e-commerce sector which fully integrated with online retailing operations. It is important that a correct direction is served, to which Mr Dixon justifies as he makes the experience seamless and easy for their customers as far as possible. Conceptualising success through respective leadership approach As situational leadership impels to work in ground-breaking conditions wherein leaders adapt themselves to the changing condition of the environment. The situational leadership in current era remains an undisputed leadership quality as this is not inherent personality but can be learned over the course of time. Mr Durkan has been featuring situational leadership qualities through its work wherein it analyses the situation and adopts an appropriate style to fit the changing circumstances and provides considerable direction to its team to meet the most out of current opportunities (Methner, Hamann Nilsson, 2015). The primary advantage of this sort of leadership is it requires working out the relationships with our development people to build up the team that will rise to everyones benefit. Herein Mr Durkan exclusively promotes team orientation environment at Coles to best meet the complicated situation with efficiency. On the other hand, Mr Banducci is inclined towards transformation leadership quality, which focuses on enhancing employees motivation and undertakes steps to link their identity with that of organizational values. Such leaders are often committed to their organizational goals and facilitate the participation of all in concluding a decision (McCleskey, 2014). The basic merit of such leadership is it they encourage and inspires its employees to leave back its comfort zones and meet the task at hand. Mr Banducci has been constantly focussing on extracting its employees full potential to continually develop and build a workforce that mirrors its customer base. He acknowledges the significance of engaging workforce at Woolworths, which is a leading indicator of customer satisfaction (Serfling, 2014). On the contrary, Mr Dixon follows the transactional leadership approach to imbibe the changing the environment and deal out with the problems as and when they occur. Also, leaders following transactional role emphasize keenly on novel ideas and thereby transforms the organization culture. The transactional leaders set goals and explicitly provide guidelines as well as closely monitor the employees and group performance to reward the efforts according to their commitments (Beer, Jones Clark, 2012). The prime motive of Mr Banducci was to effectively respond the deviations and recognize the corrective actions that are required to enhance the organizational performance. Currently, David Jones is embracing creative ideas by venturing into digital era of online shopping and making its stores more appealing to customers by meeting the changes that will help it in pursuing the shared vision. While on one hand transformational leaders like Mr John Durkan serve new direction to the company and its employees to bring forth the change. On the other hand, Brand Banducci following situational leadership absorbs the market changes and applies their different leadership skills to motivate employees to fit themselves to changing environment. It inspires and motivates workers to transform their roles and perform in tune with the changed environment. Besides this the transactional leaders such as John Dixon are focused upon improving performance objectives by allowing self-interest of employees, which fosters flexibility, adaptability and real-time cost benefit to the organization. Although, transactional and transformation leader emphasise on relationship continuum nevertheless situational leader pays its entire focuses on task orientation. Conclusion and Recommendation It can be concluded that each of the CEO of Coles, Woolworths and David Jones are striving forth to capitalise the maximum potential value for its organization. They are all highly experienced yet have different approaches and goals to meet. It is recommended that these three leaders need not exhibit just one set of the behaviour of leadership frame and inculcate another set of behaviours as well to move from one approach to another as and when required. To have a more passive leadership at Coles, Woolworths and David Jones, it is important that leaders entail their follower's behaviour and develop their leadership abilities accordingly. Reference Coles, J. L., Wang, A. Y., Zhu, C. (2015).Director network and CEO turnover. The university of Utah working paper. Liu, Y., Mauer, D. C. (2011). Corporate cash holdings and CEO compensation incentives.Journal of Financial Economics,102(1), 183-198. Bettis, J. C., Bizjak, J. M., Coles, J. L., Kalpathy, S. L. (2016). Performance-vesting provisions in executive compensation. Krause, R., Semadeni, M., Cannella Jr, A. A. (2014). CEO duality: A review and research agenda.Journal of Management,40(1), 256-286. Amba, S. M. (2013). Does CEO duality enhance firms business performance? Empirical evidence from Bahrain.International Journal of Business and Social Science,4(6). Evans, J. H., Nagarajan, N. J., Schloetzer, J. D. (2010). CEO turnover and retention light: Retaining former CEOs on the board.Journal of Accounting Research,48(5), 1015-1047. Frydman, C., Jenter, D. (2010). CEO compensation.Annu. Rev. Financ. Econ.,2(1), 75-102. Kim, K. H., Buchanan, R. (2011). CEO duality leadership and firm risk-taking propensity.Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR),24(1). Serfling, M. A. (2014). CEO age and the riskiness of corporate policies.Journal of Corporate Finance,25, 251-273. Keith, S. (2012). Coles, Woolworths and the local.Locale: The Australasian-Pacific Journal of Regional Food Studies,2, 47-81. Croft, M., Rose, N. (2012). Australia's corporate food plan.Chain Reaction, (116), 38. Methner, N., Hamann, R., Nilsson, W. (2015). The Evolution of a Sustainability Leader: The Development of Strategic and Boundary Spanning Organizational Innovation Capabilities in Woolworths. InThe Business of Social and Environmental Innovation(pp. 87-104). Springer International Publishing. Hor, J. (2012).Managing workplace behaviour: A best practice guide. CCH Australia Limited. Beer, C., Jones, D., Clark, D. (2012). Analytics and complexity: Learning and leading for the future. InProceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (ASCILITE 2012)(pp. 78-87). Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (ASCILITE). Skinner, N., Pocock, B. (2011). Flexibility and work-life interference in Australia.Journal of Industrial Relations,53(1), 65-82. Arli, V., Dylke, S., Burgess, R., Campus, R., Soldo, E. (2013). Woolworths Australia and Walmart US: Best practices in supply chain collaboration.Journal of Economics, Business Accountancy Ventura,16(1). Hyslop, G. (2012). And the winners are...: product innovation.South African Food Review,39(10), 14-15. Feigin, L. M. (2016).The effects of protests and boycotts on a brand and its reputation: a case study on Woolworths and boycott, divestment and sanctions (BDS)(Doctoral dissertation, The IIE). Riaz, A., Haider, M. H. (2010). Role of transformational and transactional leadership on job satisfaction and career satisfaction.Business and Economic Horizons,1(1), 29-38. Harms, P. D., Cred, M. (2010). Emotional intelligence and transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analysis.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies,17(1), 5-17. McCleskey, J. A. (2014). Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), 117. Zhu, W., Riggio, R. E., Avolio, B. J., Sosik, J. J. (2011). The effect of leadership on follower moral identity: Does transformational/transactional style make a difference?.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies,18(2), 150-163. Spahr, P., 2015. What is Innovative Leadership? How Imagination Revolutionizes Business? [Online]. Available from https://online.stu.edu/innovative-leadership/ . [Accessed on 7th October 2017].

20 Environment Project Topics on Waste Management

20 Environment Project Topics on Waste Management Welcome to the second article in the three part series covering the subject matter of waste management. This article will discuss the meaning of waste management; provide 20 environment project topics and a sample article on how to go about drafting any of the topics for your own particular project. Waste management are all the processes involved with managing waste- both solid and liquid- from its inception to its final disposal. The problem of efficiently managing waste is a global one which means it is up to every individual to discuss the need for efficiency in a bid to raise awareness on its effect on earth’s ecosystem. To simplify the task of handling a project on waste management, 20 environment projects will be outlined below which you can chose from if any difficulties arise in coming up with your own. The support doesn’t end there, for a sample written project will also be included in the concluding parts of this article to provide you with an excellent example on how to proceed with yours. As expected, all educational projects are scored for their originality and lack of plagiarism. So it is expected that you use this article as a guideline to provide the needed directions as you progress with your project. So here are the 20 topics on waste management: The Importance of Waste Management to Environmental Sanitation Evaluating the Problems of Solid Waste Management on the Global Stage The Need for Effective Waste Management Policies The Environmental and Health Effects of Waste Management The Importance of Recycling to Waste Management Environmental Impact of Waste Disposal How to Develop an Effective Waste Management and Disposal Strategy Why the Reuse and Recycling of Plastics Are Essential to Waste Management How Paper, Metal, Wood, Glass and Plastics Are Recycled The 3Rs of Managing Solid Waste: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle The Impact of Recycling in Preserving the Environment Integrating Economic Incentives to Promote Recycling in Waste Management Discussing the Waste Management Expectations of the Future How Creating Recyclable Products Support Effective Waste Management The Impact of Inefficient Waste Management to Oceans Managing Electronic Waste to Ensure Green Computing Recycling and Reuse: Alternatives to Waste Management The Effects of Solid Waste to Business Environments Landfill Emissions and Their Impact on the Environment Waste Management and its Effects on Economic Growth These 20 topics should be viewed as environment project topics on waste management and they were provided to aid you in your choice of coming up with a topic for your personal project. Therefore, you can either pick a topic directly from this list or modify one to fit your writing needs. If you’d like to gather more info on the subject, we have a set facts on waste management for an environmental project and a separate project guideline piece should you need one. Also take note that below is a sample project written using a topic from this list as its inspiration. Sample Environmental Project: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle or the 3Rs of Managing Solid Waste This project was written as a means to introduce the ‘3Rs’ of waste management to the public’s awareness. Although most people are now familiar with the term recycling, which is a part of the 3Rs, knowledge on the remaining two which makes up this trinity are still obscure to a large subset of our population. The R’s in the trinity of the 3Rs are acronyms for the term Reduce, Reuse and Recycle as can be seen in the topic heading of my project. And the meaning and the role they play on solid waste management will be discussed in the following paragraphs. Globally, humans of the world are currently producing more garbage or solid waste that now test the capacity of our landfills and studies have shown that the traditional methods of waste disposal such as the use of incinerators and burying garbage could affect the environment and our health negatively. These negative effects are due to gas emissions from incinerators and noxious smells which is why it is very important for there to be more eco-friendly alternatives to manage waste. This need has in part been met by the 3Rs- Reduce, Reuse and Recycle- which in terms of waste management mean: Reduce- as individuals we should buy only what we require thereby reducing the household waste we produce. Reuse- if we need to acquire goods, purchasing used ones or eco-friendly substitutes is encouraged or we can reuse our old packages in creative ways. Recycle- when discarding waste, we must consider ways of recycling or reusing them before taking the last option which is to discard. Applying the 3Rs in Everyday Conduct Many nations have begun to integrate the 3Rs into their official waste management policies, some examples include the Environment Protection Agency (EPA) in Ireland and Mexico’s Solid Waste Act which were put into place to drastically reduce how waste was produced and managed in these countries. The 3Rs can be applied in line with government policies in the following ways: Reduce: manufacturing companies are tasked with reducing the amount of raw materials used in making products from scratch. Then individuals should consider not purchasing products that can be replaced by technology or the reuse of other items. An example is opting out of your local phonebook or TV guide subscription lists which are now easily accessed online. The average person in the United States throws away 600 times the size of his or her body weight in garbage and reducing what we buy will drastically affect these numbers. Reuse: unlike recycling, the alternative to reuse items is yet to catch on in consumer societies but individuals can take the first step reusing containers, giving outgrown clothes to friends or charity as well as donating electrical appliances or furniture to people in need. A reuse policy can also be initiated by the government thereby reducing the approximately 50 million tons of electronic waste produced globally. Recycling: manufacturing and purchase of recyclable products have been given a lot of media exposure in the past as well as currently and this has improved the waste management practices on the global scale. Countries such as Switzerland, Germany and Holland currently recycle 60% of the total waste its citizen’s produce and if this could be adopted by more nations, the earth’s ecosystem will definitely be healthier for all. The 3R are procedures every one of us can implement in his or her household without incurring any extra expenses. So what stops you from reusing that old can, donating to Salvation Army or using the recycle bins at work? References: Jean, B. (2013). Waste Management. https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg3/ar4-wg3-chapter10.pdf Galle, J. Samuelsson, B. (2001). Measurements of methane emissions from landfills. Hoornweg, D. (1999). What a waste: solid waste management in Asia Huang, Q. Wang, L. (2006). The current situation of solid waste management in China. Johannessen, M. Boyer, G. (1999). Observations of solid waste landfills in developing countries: Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Monhanty, C. (2011). Reduce, Reuse and Recycle (the 3Rs) and Resource Efficiency as the basis for Sustainable Waste Management https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/dsd/csd/csd_pdfs/csd-19/learningcentre/presentations/May%209%20am/1%20-%20Learning_Centre_9May_ppt_Mohanty.pdf Rhonda, S. (2014). How Your Business Can Cut Costs by Reducing Waste. https://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/vermicomposting/pubs/ag473-10-bus-cut-costs.html

Belgium Overview and Geography

Belgium Overview and Geography Population: 10.5 million (July 2009 estimate)Capital: BrusselsArea: Approximately 11,780 square miles (30,528 sq km)Borders: France, Luxembourg, Germany and the NetherlandsCoastline: About 40 miles (60 km) on the North Sea Belgium is an important country to both Europe and the rest of the world as its capital, Brussels, is the headquarters the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and of the European Commission and the Council of the European Union. In addition, that city is the home of many worldwide banking and insurance firms, leading some to call Brussels the unofficial capital of Europe. History of Belgium Like many of the worlds countries, Belgium has a long history. Its name is derived from the Belgae, a Celtic tribe that lived in the area in the first century B.C.E. Also, during the first century, the Romans invaded the area and Belgium was controlled as a Roman province for nearly 300 years. Around 300 C.E., Romes power began to diminish when Germanic tribes were pushed into the area and eventually the Franks, a German group, took control of the country. After the arrival of the Germans, the northern part of Belgium became a German-speaking area, while the people in the south remained Roman and spoke Latin. Soon after, Belgium became controlled by the Dukes of Burgundy and was eventually taken over by the Hapsburgs. Belgium was then later occupied by Spain from 1519 to 1713 and Austria from 1713 to 1794. In 1795, however, Belgium was annexed by Napoleonic France after the French Revolution. Shortly thereafter, Napoleons army was beaten during the Battle of Waterloo near Brussels and Belgium became a part of the Netherlands in 1815. It was then not until 1830 that Belgium won its independence from the Dutch. In that year, there was an uprising by the Belgian people and in 1831, a constitutional monarchy was established and a monarch from the House of Saxe-Coburg Gotha in Germany was invited to run the country. Throughout the decades following its independence, Belgium was invaded several times by Germany. In 1944 though, British, Canadian and America armies formally liberated Belgium. Languages of Belgium Because Belgium was controlled by different foreign powers for centuries, the country is very diverse linguistically. Its official languages are French, Dutch and German but its population is divided into two distinct groups. The Flemings, the larger of the two, live in the north and speak Flemish- a language closely related to Dutch. The second group lives in the south and consists of the Walloons who speak French. In addition, there is a German community near the city of Lià ¨ge and Brussels is officially bilingual. These different languages are important to Belgium because concerns over losing linguistic power has caused the government to divide the country into different regions, each of which has control over its cultural, linguistic and educational matters. Belgiums Government Today, Belgiums government is run as a parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch. It has two branches of government. The first is the executive branch which consists of the King, who serves as the head of state; the Prime Minister, who is the head of government; and the Council of Ministers which represents the decision-making cabinet. The second branch is the legislative branch which is a bicameral parliament made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The major political parties in Belgium are the Christian Democratic, the Liberal Party, the Socialist Party, the Green Party and Vlaams Belang. Voting age in the country is 18. Because of its focus on regions and local communities, Belgium has several political subdivisions, each of which have a varied amount of political power. These include ten different provinces, three regions, three communities and 589 municipalities. Industry and Land Use of Belgium Like many other European countries, Belgiums economy consists mainly of the service sector but industry and agriculture are also significant. The northern area is considered the most fertile and much of the land there is used for livestock, although some of the land is used for agriculture. The main crops in Belgium are sugar beets, potatoes, wheat and barley. In addition, Belgium is a heavily industrialized country and coal mining was once important in southern areas. Today, though, almost all of the industrial centers are in the north. Antwerp, one of the largest cities in the country, is the center of petroleum refining, plastics, petrochemicals and the manufacturing of heavy machinery. It is also famous for being one of the worlds largest diamond trading centers. Geography and Climate of Belgium The lowest point in Belgium is sea level at the North Sea and its highest point is Signal de Botrange at 2,277 feet (694 m). The rest of the country features a relatively flat topography consisting of coastal plains in the northwest and gently rolling hills throughout the countrys central portion. The southeast, however, does have a mountainous region in its Ardennes Forest area. The climate of Belgium is considered maritime temperate with mild winters and cool summers. The average summer temperature is 77ËšF (25ËšC) while winters average around 45ËšF (7ËšC). Belgium can also be rainy, cloudy and humid. A Few More Facts About Belgium Belgium has a literacy rate of 99%The life expectancy is 78.685% of Belgians live in towns and citiesNearly 80% of the population of Belgium is Roman Catholic but there are several other religions in the country, all of which receive government subsidies. To read more about Belgium visit The US Department of State profile and the EUs profile of the country. References Central Intelligence Agency. (2010, April 21). CIA - The World Factbook Belgium. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/be.html Infoplease.com. (n.d.) Belgium: History, Geography, Government, and Culture. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/ipa/A0107329.html United States Department of State. (2009, October). Belgium (10/09). Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2874.htm

Ethics adn the regulation and deregulation of energy Essay

Ethics adn the regulation and deregulation of energy - Essay Example In the United States, the electrical and natural gas industries have found themselves undergoing developments of change in the way they supply their resources. Millions of households and businesses within the 24 different States which have enacted deregulation plans find themselves torn in two from what is the falling of the $220 billion electricity industry; that being one of the last government sanctioned monopolies. The deregulation of both markets has applied extreme pressure on both industries to act more efficiently.This drive in efficiency has then directly impacted more of a commitment from the two industries to establish further safety procedures and increased attention to ethical standards. In theory the deregulation of the markets should expand services further, creating more selection which in return directly opens up the market for competition. This in theory should create lower prices and of course a wider selection which will ultimately allow those of lower incomes to comfortably afford hydro and natural gas. These benefits have deregulation supports quite touted as they appear very certain that it will generally create greater occurrences. In some regions this plan has been a success however in most cases the results have been the opposite with an actual rise in prices with accounts of crisis in supply.Prior to the infamous electricity shortages and skyrocketing prices, California went through an uprising provided by the citizens to halt and overturn the states deregulation plan. deregulation plan. In 1996 California became one of the first states to enact what was a restructuring plan of electricity and natural gas. No later then two years after the plan was put into effect public support of deregulation began to sway due to actual increases in pricing. This measure obviously failed and criticism of deregulation grew further to a one sided opinion from the public. The limited power supplies and astounding increases in demand forced the electrical industry to further up the retail prices on power. In some cases companies that provide retail prices based on wholesale value fluctuated dramatically, electrical bills were noted to be double then what they were before the plan started. This equalled not only outrage by the public but also examples that deregulations were not consistent with its theory. A good example success from deregulation comes from the analysis of the post deregulation era in Pennsylvania. The enactment of the plan started in 1998, which appears to have uplifting reviews. The state has been in blossom according to reports that conclude great success on many accounts. The analysis shows that 500,000 consumers being just over 11 percent of ratepayers have chosen to leave their current utility companies no more then a year after the plan enacted. The trial in the Philadelphia area concurs with this, concluding that residential consumers who decided to leave their electricity providers for one that was least expensive in competition saved on average $10.00 a month. Ethnically speaking, those who are of the lower income brackets have been able hopefully to sustain hydro more easily then before the plans enactment in Pennsylvania. Whether or not the benefits such as lower prices can be consistent throughout the nation is still however an unresolved question. California is a great example of the opposite because the outcome of California deregulating electricity markets is substantially different then that of Pennsylvania state. After some of the main providers experienced financial crisis, consumers were faced with rising prices beyond affordability, many ended up having to go without any source of power and those who could continue to afford the up roaring prices experienced shortages of electricity due to the overwhelming increase in demands. Although deregulation shows ethical value it also proves to be inconsistent. The

Global Development Politics Policy Brief Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Global Development Politics Policy Brief - Essay Example How can the international society continue to maintain sustainable development of its population without inducing further effects of climate change? This question continues to remain a nightmare to experts in environment and economist, alike. Experts mandated to ensure practical climate change policies face this similar challenge. The policy options identified, discussed and proposed include applying costs and benefits analysis exhibition to the public. This, in turn, would inform the public on the effects of climate change on health and environment including the economy. Analysis and exhibition of climate change effects would evoke initiatives for early mitigation of climate change among the population. The second proposal is to ensure reduced level of emissions, on a global scale, would help address climate change. These include agreement on acceptable amount emitted by countries (Posner & Weisbach 2010, p.3). The third proposal is to find means that would change the human behavior and help reduce human causes of this global environmental threat. To sustain the ever-escalating human population growth rate and the ability to support their demands for natural resources, without inducing climate change-causing processes, we recommend initiatives that would correct human norms and behavior to control development. Situation brief Why should the world address climate change? The apparent pursuit to implement sustainable development raises concerns on the necessity to have a succinct policy regulation that control developmental effects. World organizations including institutions sets up by the United Nations face the challenge of ensuring developments that guarantee an uncompromised future. Climate change is among the major challenges that are at the focus of issues that call for redress and attention from the world community, through a united approach. Most conventions and treaties set by international bodies, since the 1972 meeting at Stockholm have climate change as one of the priority challenges. The scope of climate change implications on diverse sectors including the economy, food production and health makes it a grim issue that is better when addressed than left to escalate. Noteworthy is the concern that climate change implications are not region-specific but a matter that is all-inclusive of the entire world society. Scientists point at an alarming change in world temperatures and an anticipation of potential increase in ice melt rate. What are the challenges to existing climate change control policies? Existing policy initiatives to control the rate of emission have little, so to say, effectiveness. The policy frameworks available to suppress over emission from development activities, in developed countries especially, have failed. The carbon credit initiatives tend to assure the world population of insignificant influence and effects. Climate finance is another unsuccessful idea that has least impact in controlling climate change. T he current situation calls for a workable framework that would leave the world population staying in a clean atmosphere that is free of contamination and related effects. The high extent of uncertainty in predicting possible impacts of the alteration of world climatic conditions is the key threat to existing policies. Policy discussion Climate change economists

Problems in Defining Poverty

Problems in Defining Poverty Title: Relief of poverty is widely perceived to be the central aim of the social security system. With poverty itself being such a complex phenomenon, it is hardly surprising that differing approaches have been adopted to its definition and measurement. (Neville Harris: Social Security and Society in Harris: Social Security Law in Context p.41) Discuss. Introduction Poverty is indeed a complex concept and phenomenon, and its definition is the subject of considerable academic and social polemic. It is certainly true that there is  no single, universally accepted definition of poverty. In point of fact multifarious definitions of poverty are available in the United Kingdom and from many multilateral and international organisations. One relatively uncontroversial observation that can be made is that modern definitions of poverty have evolved away from conceptions grounded on a paucity of the physical necessities of life and concentrate more on relative and social notions of the state. The Definition of Measurement of Poverty: Competing Perspectives Given the United Kingdom’s membership of the European Union and the sovereignty of EU law among its 25 Member States comprising around 460 million citizens it is submitted that as good a place as any to start is the EU definition of poverty. Throughout the 1990s the definition endorsed by the EU was: â€Å"an income of less than half the EU average†[1] This figure was  £150 a week in 1993, and by this objective definition, around 50 million citizens were deemed to be living in poverty in the EU in 1993. However, in recent years the EU has expanded to embrace a number of central and eastern European states which are significantly poorer than its more established western European Member States and partly as a consequence the EU definition of poverty has changed to the following: ‘Persons, families and groups of persons whose resources (material, cultural and social) are so limited as to exclude them from the minimum acceptable way of life in the Member State to which they belong’.[2] This is clearly a more relative measure of poverty, acknowledging that poverty should not merely be measured on financial criteria but that the practical exclusion of those individuals and groups living in poverty from normal patterns of living, activities and customs should also be taken into account. There is therefore an important distinction between absolute and relative concepts of poverty. Absolute poverty relates to a state in which individuals do not possess the items necessary for the sustenance of life, including shelter, clothing and food. In work published at the turn of the last century Rowntree stipulated that a so-called â€Å"poverty line† should be set on the basis of minimum needs.[3] Whereas in 1995 the United Nations Copenhagen Declaration[4] defined absolute poverty in the following terms: â€Å"a condition characterised by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, education and information. It depends not only on income but also on access to social services. On the other hand, relative poverty is typically defined as the inability of an individual to engage and participate fully in cultural social and economic terms in the society in which they live. In simple terms relative poverty is therefore based on a comparison between poor individuals and other more fortunate members of society. Townsend has adopted this definition of poverty, stating that it constitutes: the absence or inadequacy of those diets, amenities, standards, services and activities which are common or customary in society.[5] In the United Kingdom poverty is measured in a variety of different ways and by different programmes.. These include: the National Plan on Social Exclusion[6], which was implemented after agreement at the 2000 Lisbon summit of the European Council to address poverty and social exclusion; the Households Below Average Income[7] statistical analysis, which applies a threshold of 60% of median income as a proxy to draw the poverty line; and the Opportunity For All[8] monitoring and review programme, which concentrates on assessing progress towards a fairer and more inclusive society. The United Kingdom Department of Work and Pensions[9] is engaged in an ongoing review of the formula and strategy it employs to measure income poverty. The current thinking is that the best approach would be a tripartite assessment centred on absolute low income, relative low income and material deprivation and low income combined.[10] A great many commentators in the field of sociology have criticised the notion of an absolute definition of poverty.[11] It has been argued that to adopt a general or global definition would be to fail to take account of the crucial socio-economic differentials that distinguish local communities, regions, and nation states. It is submitted that there is little doubt that relative definitions of poverty are now supported by the majority of sociologists.. Two arguments are typically invoked to support this line. First, it is contended that poverty is not a fixed concept but one that can only be properly comprehended and defined in the general socio-economic environment of the particular society in which individuals live. This means that an individual will be classed as in poverty by reference only to the living standards of those around him or her. However, this may be a pregnable position, given that by implication the â€Å"poor† in any given society may be defined by the â€Å"rich† and this may result in anomalies. It may be incongruous or inappropriate (in particular in the context of global poverty) to contend that a family that does not possess two cars, a DVD player, satellite TV and a computer with internet access should necessarily be defined as â€Å"in poverty† merely because those possessions are norms within the favoured society in question. Second, relative poverty is deemed an appropriate measure because individual societies possess a distinct and unique set of cultural norms and values. Arguably this contention is stronger because it seems appropriate that any definition poverty should take account of the sets of expectations, freedoms and choices that individuals have in the society of which they are a member. Cultural aspects of relative poverty focus on the ideal that all members of a society should be capable of sharing in the goods and services available and fundamental to that society and both engaging with and fully participating in the salient institutions of that society. On this basis, whereas the lack of a telephone might not be seen as putting an Ethiopian family into poverty, an old age pensioner living by herself in the United Kingdom might be deemed to be living in poverty if she does not possess such an instrument which is fundamental to life in our society. In the influential and authoritative study Poverty in the United Kingdom, Townsend argued: â€Å"Poverty can be defined objectively and applied consistently only in terms of the concept of relative deprivation†¦ Individuals, families and groups in the  population can be said to be in poverty when they lack the resources to obtain the type of diet, participate in the activities and have the living conditions and  amenities which are customary, or at least widely encouraged or approved, in the societies to which they belong. Their resources are so seriously below those commanded by the average individual or family that they are, in effect, excluded from ordinary living patterns, customs or activities.†[12] It appears therefore that the relativist approach is in the ascendancy, although this means that there can be no such thing as a clear poverty line, but rather a series of lines drawn in different contexts for different reasons. Concluding Comments In conclusion it is submitted that poverty, however it is ultimately defined or measured, is an inevitable by-product of the capitalist society in which we live, and which now proliferates in the Western World. Capitalism depends on a division between â€Å"haves† and â€Å"have nots† and however poverty is measured or defined it is most unlikely that it will ever be eradicated, given that the profit-motive which drives the commercial motor of society is dependent on its existence as a baseline for endeavour. In particular, if a relative concept of poverty because entrenched and sovereign, we will never rid ourselves of the state, because some faction of society will always be disadvantaged in comparison to the most favoured. The first part of the title to this work states that: â€Å"Relief of poverty is widely perceived to be the central aim of the social security system†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This is probably true but the relief offered is largely analgesic only, providing basic painkilling for the symptoms of poverty but not directly addressing the root causes of poverty itself. The second part of the title to this work states: â€Å"With poverty itself being such a complex phenomenon, it is hardly surprising that differing approaches have been adopted to its definition and measurement. This is also true and can be explained by the fact that so many different agencies and policies, regional, national and international, are directed at tackling poverty for different reasons, from different perspectives and with different objectives..[13] Given the vast disparity that exists within society on a global but even on the national stage, it is hard to envisage a workable all-encompassing definition of poverty that would do justice to every context and every disadvantaged individual.. Consequently, it is likely and probably desirable that multiple definitions of poverty will continue to co-exist for the foreseeable future. BIBLIOGRAPHY Tiscali Reference Encyclopaedia: http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0021818.html Rowntree BS, â€Å"Poverty: A Study of Town Life†, (1901) Longman. United Nations, 1995, The Copenhagen Declaration and Programme of Action, UN. Townsend P., Poverty in the United Kingdom, (1979) Penguin. Department of Work and Pensions, National Plan on Social Exclusion: http://www.dwp..gov.uk/publications/dwp/2003/nap/ Department of Work and Pensions, Households Below Average Income: http://www.dwp..gov.uk/asd/hbai.asp Department of Work and Pensions, Opportunity For All: http://www.dwp.gov.uk/ofa/ Veit-Wilson, J (1987), Consensual Approaches to Poverty Lines and Social Security, Journal of Social Policy, 16(2), pp.183-211 Muffels, R, Berghman J and Dirven, H (1992), A Multi-Method Approach to Monitor the Evolution of Poverty, Journal of European Social Policy, 2(3), pp.193-213. 1 [1] http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0021818.html. [2] See: http://www.childreninwales.org.uk/2157.html. [3] Rowntree BS, â€Å"Poverty: A Study of Town Life†, (1901) Longman. [4] United Nations, 1995, The Copenhagen Declaration and Programme of Action, UN. [5] Townsend P., Poverty in the United Kingdom, (1979) Penguin. [6] See: http://www.dwp.gov.uk/publications/dwp/2003/nap/ [7] See: http://www.dwp.gov.uk/asd/hbai.asp. [8] See: http://www.dwp.gov.uk/ofa/. [9] See: http://www.dwp.gov.uk/. [10] It is proposed that each of the measurements should be on a before housing cost basis. [11] See inter alia: Veit-Wilson, J (1987), Consensual Approaches to Poverty Lines and Social Security. Journal of Social Policy, 16(2), pp.183-211. [12] Townsend P., Poverty in the United Kingdom, 1979, p31 [13] See for an insightful commentary and analysis: Muffels, R, Berghman J and Dirven, H (1992), A Multi-Method Approach to Monitor the Evolution of Poverty, Journal of European Social Policy, 2(3), pp.193-213.

No Mo Accidents :: essays research papers

No More Accidents Bike helmet safety is a big problem in our society. People do not realize that a bike helmet to a biker is the same as a seat belt to a motorist. We as bikers need all the protection that we can get since we don’t have the tank-like protection of a ’88 Ford Tempo. So now I am going to tell you a story of a personal experience, the basics to a helmet and some statistics Even though bike helmets are designed to lessen the impact in one particular spot and disperse the force throughout the helmet. The helmet however is not the most safest thing to but in our society. Most manufactures today tend to make helmets that have a lot of holes and are made for fashion instead of for being a good helmet. The plastic coating on most helmets is there to prevent less friction when you are sliding down on your head. The air holes on the helmet provide better air flow and a fresh new style but they lessen the fact of the force upon impact will have less of a space to disperse the force into. Do not get me wrong all the bicycle helmets on the market pass at least the minimum of the standard. In Austrailia the market had to lower the standard of their helmets because they were soo expensive, so that people would buy their helmets. Being in a bike accident is a very tramatizing thing to go through. I went through several accidents, but one accident in particular knocked some sense into me about helmet safety. One summer morning I woke up like every other day. I did all the normal things one would do in the morning like taking a shower, eating breakfast and getting dressed. After I got myself all set up to go out for the day, I called up one of my friends to go do something. It was another one of San Francisco’s beautiful weather days so we decided to go bicycle riding and to play some basketball. So, then I start to head out of my house to get my bicycle ready for departure about 10am. Now I am on my way to my friends’ house. The first half of my ride was pretty basic, all it was just a nice cruise down hill. The second part however was not so much difficult as I just had to keep my eyes on the path. No Mo Accidents :: essays research papers No More Accidents Bike helmet safety is a big problem in our society. People do not realize that a bike helmet to a biker is the same as a seat belt to a motorist. We as bikers need all the protection that we can get since we don’t have the tank-like protection of a ’88 Ford Tempo. So now I am going to tell you a story of a personal experience, the basics to a helmet and some statistics Even though bike helmets are designed to lessen the impact in one particular spot and disperse the force throughout the helmet. The helmet however is not the most safest thing to but in our society. Most manufactures today tend to make helmets that have a lot of holes and are made for fashion instead of for being a good helmet. The plastic coating on most helmets is there to prevent less friction when you are sliding down on your head. The air holes on the helmet provide better air flow and a fresh new style but they lessen the fact of the force upon impact will have less of a space to disperse the force into. Do not get me wrong all the bicycle helmets on the market pass at least the minimum of the standard. In Austrailia the market had to lower the standard of their helmets because they were soo expensive, so that people would buy their helmets. Being in a bike accident is a very tramatizing thing to go through. I went through several accidents, but one accident in particular knocked some sense into me about helmet safety. One summer morning I woke up like every other day. I did all the normal things one would do in the morning like taking a shower, eating breakfast and getting dressed. After I got myself all set up to go out for the day, I called up one of my friends to go do something. It was another one of San Francisco’s beautiful weather days so we decided to go bicycle riding and to play some basketball. So, then I start to head out of my house to get my bicycle ready for departure about 10am. Now I am on my way to my friends’ house. The first half of my ride was pretty basic, all it was just a nice cruise down hill. The second part however was not so much difficult as I just had to keep my eyes on the path.